July 12

July 12 is the 193rd day of the year (194th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 172 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1191 – Third Crusade: Saladin's garrison surrenders to Conrad of Montferrat, ending the two-year siege of Acre.
• 1543 – King Henry VIII of England marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr, at Hampton Court Palace.
• 1562 – Fray Diego de Landa, acting Bishop of Yucatan, burns the sacred books of the Maya.
• 1580 – The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published.
• 1690 – Battle of the Boyne (Gregorian calendar) – The armies of William III defeat those of the former James II.
• 1691 – Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar) – The decisive victory of William III of England's forces in Ireland.
• 1790 – The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Constituent Assembly.
• 1804 – Former United States Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton dies a day after being shot in a duel.
• 1806 – Sixteen German imperial states leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine.
• 1812 – War of 1812: the United States invade Canada at Windsor, Ontario.
• 1862 – The Medal of Honor is authorized by the United States Congress.
• 1917 – The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona.
• 1918 – The Japanese Imperial Navy battleship Kawachi blows up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621.
• 1920 – The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed. Soviet Russia recognises independent Lithuania.
• 1943 – World War II: Battle of Prokhorovka – German and Soviet forces engage in the largest tank engagement of all time.
• 1960 – Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded.
• 1961 – Pune floods due to failure of the Khadakwasla and Panshet dams. Half of Pune is submerged, more than 100,000 families need to be relocated and the death tally exceeds 2,000.
• 1962 – The Rolling Stones perform their first ever concert, at the Marquee Club in London.
• 1967 – The Newark riots began in Newark, New Jersey.
• 1973 – A fire destroys the entire 6th floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States.
• 1975 – São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal.
• 1979 – The island nation of Kiribati becomes independent from Great Britain.
• 1979 – Disco Demolition Night at Comiskey Park Chicago, IL
• 2006 – The Hezbollah initiate Operation True Promise.

Births

• 1394 – Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shogun (d. 1441)
• 1596 – Tsar Michael I of Russia (d. 1645)
• 1675 – Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1742)
• 1730 – Josiah Wedgwood, English potter (d. 1795)
• 1803 – Peter Chanel, French priest and saint (d. 1841)
• 1807 – Thomas Hawksley, English civil engineer (d. 1893)
• 1817 – Henry David Thoreau, American writer and philosopher (d. 1862)
• 1824 – Eugène Boudin, French painter (d. 1898)
• 1828 – Nikolai Chernyshevsky, Russian philosopher (d. 1889)
• 1849 – Sir William Osler, Canadian physician and author (d. 1919)
• 1850 – Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist (d. 1912)
• 1852 – Hipólito Yrigoyen, Argentinian politician, 19th and 21st President of Argentina (d. 1933)
• 1854 – George Eastman, American inventor (d. 1932)
• 1863 – Albert Calmette, French physician (d. 1933)
• 1863 – Paul Drude, German physicist (d. 1906)
• 1864 – George Washington Carver, American botanist (d. 1943)
• 1868 – Stefan George, German poet (d. 1933)
• 1870 – Louis II, Prince of Monaco (d. 1949)
• 1872 – Emil Hácha, Czech politician, 3rd President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1945)
• 1876 – Max Jacob, French poet (d. 1944)
• 1878 – Peeter Põld, Estonian pedagogic scientist and politician (d. 1930)
• 1880 – Tod Browning, American film director (d. 1962)
• 1884 – Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1920)
• 1886 – Jean Hersholt, Danish film director and actor (d. 1956)
• 1892 – Bruno Schulz, Polish writer and painter (d. 1942)
• 1895 – Kirsten Flagstad, Norwegian soprano (d. 1962)
• 1895 – Buckminster Fuller, American architect (d. 1983)
• 1895 – Oscar Hammerstein II, American lyricist (d. 1960)
• 1902 – Gunther Anders, German philosopher (d. 1992)
• 1904 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel laureate (d. 1973)
• 1906 – Pietro Tordi, Italian actor (d. 1990)
• 1908 – Milton Berle, American comedian (d. 2002)
• 1909 – Curly Joe DeRita, American actor and comedian (d. 1993)
• 1909 – Fritz Leonhardt, German civil engineer (d. 1999)
• 1913 – Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2008)
• 1914 – Mohammad Moin, Iranian writer (d. 1971)
• 1917 – Andrew Wyeth, American artist (d. 2009)
• 1920 – Pierre Berton, Canadian journalist and writer (d. 2004)
• 1920 – Beah Richards, American actress (d. 2000)
• 1921 – Bob Fillion, French Canadian ice hockey player
• 1922 – Mark Hatfield, U.S. Senator from Oregon
• 1925 – Roger Smith, American businessman, chairman and CEO of General Motors (d. 2007)
• 1928 – Elias James Corey, American chemist, Nobel laureate
• 1930 – Gordon Pinsent, Canadian actor, director and writer
• 1932 – Otis Davis, American middle distance runner
• 1933 – Donald E. Westlake, American novelist (d. 2008)
• 1934 – Van Cliburn, American pianist
• 1937 – Bill Cosby, American comedian and actor
• 1937 – Lionel Jospin, French politician, 165th Prime Minister of France
• 1937 – Michel Louvain, French Canadian singer
• 1938 – Ron Fairly, American baseball player
• 1938 – Wieger Mensonides, Dutch swimmer
• 1939 – Phillip Adams, Australian broadcaster and journalist
• 1941 – Benny Parsons, American NASCAR driver (d. 2007)
• 1941 – Joseph Whipp, American actor
• 1942 – Billy Smith, Australian rugby league player
• 1943 – Christine McVie, British singer, musician, and songwriter (Fleetwood Mac)
• 1943 – Walter Murch, American film editor
• 1943 – Paul Silas, American basketball player and head coach
• 1944 – Denise Nicholas, American actress and social activist
• 1945 – Leopoldo Mastelloni, Italian actor
• 1947 – Loren Coleman, American cryptozoologist, author and television and radio personality
• 1947 – Gareth Edwards, Welsh rugby union player
• 1947 – Richard C. McCarty, American professor of psychology
• 1948 – Ben Burtt, American sound designer
• 1948 – Walter Egan, American singer
• 1948 – Richard Simmons, American fitness trainer
• 1948 – Jay Thomas, American actor
• 1949 – Rick Hendrick, American NASCAR team owner, and car dealer.
• 1950 – Eric Carr, American drummer (Kiss) (d. 1991)
• 1950 – Gilles Meloche, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1951 – Brian Grazer, American film producer
• 1951 – Cheryl Ladd, American actress
• 1951 – Piotr Pustelnik, Polish mountaineer
• 1951 – Sylvia Sass, Hungarian soprano
• 1951 – Jamey Sheridan, American actor
• 1952 – Voja Antonić, Serbian inventor and writer
• 1952 – Philip Taylor Kramer, American bassist (Iron Butterfly) (d. 1995)
• 1953 – John Ausonius, Swedish criminal (The Laser Man)
• 1954 – Wolfgang Dremmler, German footballer
• 1955 – Bambi Woods, American porn actress
• 1956 – Sandi Patty, American singer
• 1956 – Mario Soto, Dominican baseball player
• 1957 – Richard Douglas Husband, American astronaut (d. 2003)
• 1957 – Taso N. Stavrakis, American actor and stuntman
• 1958 – Tonya Lee Williams, Canadian actress
• 1959 – Charlie Murphy, American actor and writer
• 1959 – David Brown, Australian weatherman
• 1960 – Corynne Charby, French model, actress and singer
• 1962 – Julio César Chávez, Mexican boxer
• 1962 – Dan Murphy, American guitarist (Soul Asylum)
• 1962 – Dean Wilkins, English football manager
• 1964 – Tim Gane, English guitarist (Stereolab, McCarthy)
• 1964 – Gaby Roslin, English television presenter
• 1965 – Sanjay Manjrekar, Indian cricketer
• 1966 – Jeff Bucknum, American auto racer
• 1966 – Ana Torrent Bertrán de Lis, Spanish film actress
• 1966 – Misato Watanabe, Japanese popular music
• 1967 – Richard Herring, English comedian
• 1967 – John Petrucci, American guitarist (Dream Theater)
• 1967 – Bruny Surin, Canadian sprinter
• 1968 – Catherine Plewinski, French swimmer
• 1969 – Alan Mullally, England cricketer
• 1969 – Lisa Nicole Carson, American actress
• 1969 – Jesse Pintado, American guitarist (Napalm Death) (d. 2006)
• 1970 – Lee Byung-hun, South Korean actor
• 1970 – Juba Kalamka, American hip hop artist and LGBT rights activist
• 1971 – Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
• 1971 – Loni Love, American comedian
• 1972 – Travis Best, American basketball player
• 1972 – Brett Reed, American drummer (Rancid)
• 1972 – Jake Wood, English actor
• 1972 – Patrick Hill, American sculptor
• 1973 – Magoo, American rapper
• 1973 – Christian Vieri, Italian footballer
• 1974 – Sharon den Adel, Dutch singer (Within Temptation)
• 1974 – Stelios Giannakopoulos, Greek footballer
• 1974 – Gregory Helms, American professional wrestler
• 1975 – Cheyenne Jackson, American actor and singer
• 1976 – Dan Boyle, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1976 – Anna Friel, British actress
• 1976 – Tracie Spencer, American singer and songwriter
• 1977 – Neil Harris, English footballer
• 1977 – Steve Howey, American actor
• 1977 – Brock Lesnar, American mixed martial artist and professional wrestler
• 1978 – Claire Chitham, New Zealand actress
• 1978 – Topher Grace, American actor
• 1978 – Michelle Rodriguez, American actress
• 1979 – Nikos Barlos, Greek basketball player
• 1980 – Johanna Klum, German TV presenter
• 1981 – Adrienne Camp, South African singer and songwriter
• 1982 – Antonio Cassano, Italian footballer
• 1982 – Tara Kirk, American swimmer
• 1983 – Megumi Kawamura, Japanese volleyball player
• 1984 – Gareth Gates, British singer
• 1984 – Jonathan Lewis, American football player
• 1984 – Michael McGovern, Northern Irish footballer
• 1985 – Luiz Ejlli, Albanian singer
• 1985 – Natasha Poly, Russian supermodel
• 1986 – JP Pietersen, South African rugby union footballer
• 1988 – Melissa O'Neil, Canadian singer
• 1988 – Inbee Park, South Korean golfer
• 1991 – Erik Per Sullivan, American actor
• 1996 – Jordan Romero, American mountaineer, the youngest person to reach the summit of Mount Everest

Deaths

• 783 – Bertrada of Laon, Frankish wife of Pepin the Short (b. 720)
• 1441 – Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shogun (b. 1394)
• 1536 – Erasmus of Rotterdam, Dutch writer and philosopher (b. 1466)
• 1584 – Steven Borough, English explorer (b. 1525)
• 1664 – Stefano della Bella, Italian printmaker (b. 1610)
• 1682 – Jean Picard, French astronomer (b. 1620)
• 1693 – John Ashby, English admiral (b. c. 1640)
• 1712 – Richard Cromwell, son of Oliver Cromwell (b. 1626)
• 1742 – Evaristo Abaco, Italian composer (b. 1675)
• 1749 – Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois, Governor of New France (b. c. 1671)
• 1773 – Johann Joachim Quantz, German flutist and composer (b. 1697)
• 1804 – Alexander Hamilton, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1755)
• 1845 – Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian author (b. 1808)
• 1849 – Dolley Madison, 4th First Lady Of The United States (b. 1768)
• 1870 – John A. Dahlgren, American Navy admiral (b. 1809)
• 1892 – Alexander Cartwright, American fireman and inventor of baseball (b. 1820)
• 1910 – Charles Stewart Rolls, British engineer and aviator (b. 1887)
• 1918 – Dragutin Lerman, Croatian explorer (b. 1864)
• 1926 – Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and spy (b. 1868)
• 1931 – Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1866)
• 1934 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-born American inventor and industrialist (b. 1877)
• 1935 – Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer (b. 1859)
• 1944 – Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., American general, son of Theodore Roosevelt (b. 1887)
• 1945 – Wolfram von Richthofen, German field marshal (b. 1895)
• 1945 – Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician (b. 1871)
• 1947 – Jimmie Lunceford, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1902)
• 1949 – Douglas Hyde, Irish politician (b. 1860)
• 1950 – Elsie de Wolfe, American socialite and interior decorator (b. 1865)
• 1961 – Mazo de la Roche, Canadian author (b. 1879)
• 1962 – Roger Wolfe Kahn, American band leader (b. 1907)
• 1966 – D. T. Suzuki, Japanese author, translator and teacher/lecturer (b. October 18, 1870)
• 1969 – Henry George Lamond, Australian novelist (b. 1885)
• 1971 – Yvon Robert, French Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1914)
• 1973 – Lon Chaney, Jr., American actor (b. 1906)
• 1979 – Minnie Riperton, American soul singer (b. 1947)
• 1982 – Kenneth More, English actor (b. 1914)
• 1983 – Chris Wood, British saxophonist (Traffic) (b. 1944)
• 1990 – João Saldanha, Brazilian journalist and football manager (b. 1917)
• 1993 – Dan Eldon, British photojournalist (b. 1970)
• 1996 – John Chancellor, American television journalist (b. 1927)
• 1996 – Jonathan Melvoin, American keyboardist (The Smashing Pumpkins) (b. 1961)
• 1998 – Serge Lemoyne, French Canadian artist (b. 1941)
• 1998 – Jimmy Driftwood, American folk songwriter and musician (b. 1907)
• 1999 – Rajendra Kumar, Indian actor (b. 1929)
• 1999 – Bill Owen, British actor (b. 1914)
• 2000 – Charles Merritt, Canadian Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. 1908)
• 2003 – Benny Carter, American musician (b. 1907)
• 2004 – Betty Oliphant, co-founder of National Ballet of Canada (b. 1918)
• 2005 – John King, Baron King of Wartnaby, British noble and aviation executive (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Adamantios Lemos, Greek actor (b. 1916)
• 2007 – Stan Zemanek, Australian radio personality (b. 1947)
• 2007 – Mr. Butch, American homeless person (b. 1951)
• 2007 – Robert Burås, Norwegian guitar player (b. 1975)
• 2008 – Tony Snow, American press secretary for George W. Bush (b. 1955)
• 2008 – Bobby Murcer, American baseball player (b. 1946)
• 2010 – Harvey Pekar, American comic book writer (b. 1939)
• 2010 – Paulo Moura, Brazilian clarinetist and saxophonist (b. 1932)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day
  • Hermagoras and Fortunatus
  • Jason of Tarsus (Roman Catholic Church)
  • John Gualbert
  • Nabor and Felix
  • Veronica
  • Viventiolus
  • July 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Kiribati from the United Kingdom in 1979.
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of São Tomé and Príncipe from Portugal in 1979.
• The second day of Naadam. (Mongolia)
• The Twelfth, also known as Orangemen's Day, commemorates the Battle of the Boyne. (Northern Ireland, Newfoundland and Labrador)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada